DAWKIN'S ON HITLER AND STALIN:A REPLY

In Richard Dawkin's (in)famous book "The GOD Dillusion" ,he quoted a question raised many times in his public lectures:"What about Hitler or Stalin ?Arent they atheist?"(pp.272-278)

In the first paragraph of his reply he said:" Outstanding reversal,deep and terrible ones,are provided by dictators of the twentieth century.It is important to SEPARATE the evil intentions of men like Hitler and Stalin from the vast power that they wielded in achiving them."(capitals mine when appear in this article----D).

REPLY:

How can Dawkins"separate the evil intentions" of the said dictators "from the vast power they wieded in achiving them" ? Did not these "evil men" used their "vast powers " to achieve their goals and produced evil and "appaling reversals"?

As for Dawkins opinion that Hitler and Stalin "were by any standards,spectacularly evil". We can but agree with his assesment.


He brought up two assumptions that put to him by his some of his audience:"(1) were Stalin and Hitler atheist and(2)they do their terrible deeds because they were atheist." He continued":"true for Stalin and dubious for Hitler".

REPLY:

Dawins is right that Stalin is an atheist. But he did not mention that STALIN MAY HAVE BECOME AN ATHEIST BY READING DARWINIAN LITERATURE:" Official Soviet biographers and memorialists claimed that aready at Gori their hero ( Stalin---D) had read Darwin and become an atheist.but he may have acquired a vague notion of the new theory (Evolution---D) from popular summaries,and his mind turned against religion."(Deutscher 1982:27 ).

Additional information:

Mao Zedong, an atheistic Marxist mass murderer ,confessed that as a youth he "studied with great interest....Darwin's Origin of Species...." ( Snow:177)

We must not be surprised that the atheist Karl Marx ,(Stalin and Mao's idol) sent a copy of the first edition of his Das Kapital to Charles Darwin In the book's inscription he described hinself as a "sincere admirer" .In Darwin's letter of thanks,he politely described Marx' opus as a "great work". (for Marx-Darwin correspondence, see Wheen 1999 :363-369)

The mariage of The Theory of Evolution and Marxist Revolution proved to be a dangerous union that produced a dark chapter in humankind's history.(To be discussed in other future article).

FREEMASONRY IN SPAIN:A CHRONOLOGY

FREEMASONRY AND FRENCH REVOLUTION: A CHRONOLOGY

The initiator of the Philippine Revolution Andres Bonifacio, a Mason ,was an ardent student of the French Revolution.According to his close associate Dr.Pio Valenzuela,Bonifacio spent his sleepless nights reading the history of the French Revolution. In this revolution, the masonic involvement is obvious as documented in the chronology below:

1721
Oct.13- "Friendship and Fraternity",first masonic lodge founded in Dunkirk.

1725- Charles Radcliff, Lord Derwentwater established the Mother Lodge in Paris ,it had about 500 members. (Dillon 1885:18-19)

1734

1736-Four lodges in Paris formed a Provincial Grand Lodge,under the authority of England.

1743-The Count of Clairmont was elected grand master,the body (Provincial Grand Lodge) assumed the title"English Grand Lodge of France". (Macoy,39)

1754-

The Chapter of Clairmont formed by Chevalier Nicolas de Bonneville in Paris.(Lomas 2006:228)

The Marinists , secret society founded by a Portugese Jew Martinez Paschalis(or Pasqually).He developed his doctrines by combining " gnosticism,Judaize Christianity and the philosophies of Greeece and of the East."(Webster 1921:7)


Dillon (1885:2) believed that Pasqually"was the first to introduce Illuminism into ther Lodge of Lyons.

1772-The founding of the Grand Orient of France,with the Duc de Chartes(later known as Duc d Orleans and Philip Egalite)as its grand master (Webster 1921: 6 )

1773- Grand Orient of France formally constituted in Paris. (Gardner 2000:384)

1775-Beginning of American Revolution. (Gardner,384)




1778-French troops and Marquis de Lafayette helped American rebels fight the British.(Gardner,384)

1786- The Grand Orient formed a coalition with the Grand Chapter,acquiring a more dangerous character...(T)he spirit of the Grand Orient was frankly democratic...(while) the Grand Chapter was revolutionary."..."(T)he brothers of the Templar Rite...of the Grand Chapter were the real formentors of the revolution .the others were ony docile agents".(Webster 1921 :6)

1787-Johann Joachim Christoph Bode with his fellow Illuminatus Christian Wilhelm von dem
Bussche made a trip to Paris and"successfully imported Bavarian Illuminism in France.
He not only succeeeded n recruiting prominent members of Fench freemasonry,but
together with these new initiates,established a fully functioning secret Illuminati Lodge
(Les Unis Reunis)." (see Melanson 2009:pp.68-81,for more details; words in parenthesis
mine---D.V.D)

1789-99- The French Revolution.

1789

June17- Third Estate adopted the title of National Assembly. *
June 20- Tennis Court Oath.*
June 26- Troops began to concentrate around Paris.*
June27 -King ordered clergy and nobility tojoin the Third Esate. *
July12-17- Riots in Paris. *
Jult 14 -The Fall of Bastile. *

"(J)ust after the fall of Bastile,a mason (a mason from a lodge in Breton)...asserted that
'it was from our templesand from those who raised to true philosophy that there went
forth the first sparks of sacred fire which,spreadind from east to west,and soutrh and
north, has so quickly warmed the hearts of the citizens. '"(Roberts 2008:170,words in
parenthesis mine---D.V.D)


August26- Declaration of the Rights of Man.*

1792-
Sept.21 -Convention abolished monarchy.*

1793

Jan.21-Execution of King Louis XVI.*

Mar.21- Comites de surveillance established in every commune.*
Mar.26-Committee of Public Safety established.*
May-Oct.-Federalist revolts in provinces against the Convention. *
May 28-Insurrectionary Commitees formed.*
May 29-June 2- Overthrow of the Girondins.*
JUly 13- Murder of Marat.*
July 17 -Final abolition of all feudal rights without compensation. *

The Comite de Trente.not a masonic body, whose"membership included several
members of the two celbrated lodges Neuf Soeurs and of Rue du Coq-Huron."played a
role in the abolistion of feudalism.(Roberts 2008:172)

It was de Kerengal"a freemason and a member of this group,who on the night of 4 of
August joined with d'Aiguillion(nother freemason)to roposed for the abolition
of feudalism.



1793

Sept.17- Law of Suspects.*
Oct.10- Government declared to be "revolutionary until the peace." *
Oct.16-Marie Antoinette executed.*
Oct.31-Girondin leaders executed.*
Nov.6- Duc d Orleans (Philippe Egalite), grand master of Grand Orientn of France, executed.*

1794

Mar.24-Execution of Herbertists. *
April 2-Danton's trial begins.*
April 5-Execution of Dantonits.*
July 27-The journee of 9 Thermidor.Arrest of Roberpierrists.*
Abolition of Paris Commune by Convention.*

July 28- Execution of Roberpierrists.*
Nov.12-Jacobin Club closed.*

1795

Feb.21-Decree separating Church and State.*
Aug.22-Convention is disolved.Directory inagurated.*

1796 -1798 Rise of Napoleon
1796
Mar. 2-Bonaparte became General of the army of Italy.*
May 10-Bonaparte defeats Austrians in Lodi.*
Nov.16- Bonaparte`s voctory at Arcola.*
1797-


May27-Babeuf executed. *
Oct.18-Peace with Austria secured by the Treaty of Campo Formio.*
Dec.10-Bonaparte returns to Paris.*
1798

Aug.1- Battle of Nile.*

1799

May 20-Sieyes joins the Directory.*
Oct.9- Bonaparte lands at Frejus.*
Nov.9- Coup d etat of Brumaire.*





1877-The Grand Orient removed from its Constitutions the affirmation of the existence of The Grand Architect of the Universe (T.G.A.O .T.U).(Pick & Knight, 269)






Note: For the complete chronology see Appendix 3 of Hibbert.1980:329-335)

THE ORIGIN OF FREEMASONRY: A CHRONOLOGY

ANCIENT TIMES

Prehistoric Times- Shamans/Medicine men. Inititiation Rites

Rise of Civilization:
Neolithic Revolution: Agriculture, Settled life/Rise of Cities )
Mesopotamia: Sumer,Babylon )Priesthood
Egypt :Fraternity of Hiero-
Laotomi/Sacred Builders )
(Macoy 2000:8)

Tyre:Dionysiac Fraternity
(Macoy 2000:7)
Greece: Ancient Mysteries
Rome:Roman Colegia/Roman Colleges of Constuctors(Macoy 2000:13)

MIDDLE AGES:

1150-The Lodge of Kilwinning established in Scotland.(Macoy,24)

1312- A small number of Templars who escaped from the persecution of Philip ,King of France and the pope, Clement V, took refuge in Scotland,before the death of their last Grand Master Jacques de Molay (1314) and founf refuge in the masonic lodges.(Macoy,24)

1607-Freemasonry flourished in England under James I, who declared himself its protector.(Macoy,25 )

1646-Learned men ,artstists,men famous for their knowledge and positions accepted as Honorary members or Accepted Masons in the lodges.
Initiation of celebrated antiquarian ,Elias Ashmole.(Macoy,25)

1717- Four lodges in London united and formed The Grand Lodge of England.( Macoy,27)

1721-1725-Freemasonry introduced in France,several lodges constituted.(Macoy,27)

Bonifacio and Rizal: Books That They Read in Common

Andres Bonifacio and Jose Rizal were both avid reader. Both have their personal libraries ,Bonifacio's books are few compared as that of Rizal's vast collection of books .
The following books were present in both libraries :

Rizal's Library : Bonifacio's Library:

Victor Hugo : Victor Hugo, Les Mesirables

Historia de los Presidentes de los : Vida de los Presidentes de los
Estados Unidos ( 1907/1960 :63) Estados Unidos

Eugene Sue , Judio Erante : Judio Erante
Obras de Dumas (1907/1960:64) :Dumas (father and son)

Biblia ( 1907/196 :81) :Biblia
(Source: Santos:1935:2-3 )


Francisco Baltazar (Balagtas)
( 1977:84)

Historia Famosa ni Brnardo Carpio (1860 )
(Ileto 1989: 99,101)
(Rizal 1891/1997:47-48)

Guerrero ( 1991;397 ) has this to say on the shared passion and choice of books of Bonifacio and Rizal:"(Bonifacio) shared one passion with Rizal, reading and their choie of books was oddly similar :Sue

GENEALOGY OF THE "KATIPUNAN"

As Athena sprung from the head of Zeus, according to Greek mythology, Teodoro A.Agoncillo,asserted that the Katipunan was the " idea of the plebian Bonifacio,who became and remained to the last its spiritual leader."( 1996:47). Too much emphasis on this thesis made the Katipunan an isolated phenomena confined in Philippine historical setting . A wholistic approach must be used to fully appreciate the part that the Katipunan placed in world revolution ,its relationship with other "secret societies and subversive movements. "

A Brief History of Secret Societies and Subversive Movements

Ancient Mysteries

Gnostics

Hassasins

Knight Templars

Rosicrucians

FREEMASONRY

The Origins of Freemasonry
According to Coil (1973:21-22) there are "at least twenty five asserted oriins of Freemasonry (and they are)as follows:
(A)Patriarchal
(1) The Creation of the World
(2) King Solomon
(3)The Building of King Solomon's Temple
(4) The Patriarchal Religion
(5)Moses
(B.)Geometrical or Mathematical
(6)Euclid
(7)Pythagoras
(C.) Pagan or Mystical
(8)The Ancient Pagan Mysteries
(9)The Essenes
(10) The Culdees
(11.)The Druids
(12)The Gypsies
(13) The Rosicrucians
(D)Chivalric
(14)The Crusaders
(15) The Knights Templar
(E) Political
(16) Oliver Cromwell
(17) The Pretender for the Restoration of the House of Stuart
(F) Personal
(18)Lord Bacon
(19)Dr.Desaguilers and his associates in 1717
(G) Trade Operative
(20) The Roman Collegia of Artificers
(21)The Comacine Masters
(22) The Steinmetzen
(23) The French Compagnons
(24)Sir Thomas Wren
(25)The English and Scot stonemasons of the Middle Ages "





Supreme Council and Grand Orient of France (1725)

The Strict Observance (1751)

The Illuminati of Bavaria (1776)

The Jacobins (1786)

Carbonarism (1809)

French Carbonism (1820)

Andres Bonifacio's Private Library

Andres Bonifacio was not able to pursue higher eduction due to his parents early death.As the eldest child,he stood in place of his parents. He earned a living by making commercial posters,making and selling paper fans and walking canes .He later found employment in foreign own bussiness establishments in Manila.Dr.Pio Valenzuela ,his close associate remembered that Bonifacio have his own private library and sometimes spend sleepless nights reading the books that were the bestsellers during that time. Among the books he owned /read according to Dr.Valenzuela were:

"The History of the French Revolution"
"The Holy Bible"(5 volumes)
"Civil Code"
Victor Hugo."Les Mesirables"
"International Law"
"La Solidaridad"
"Lives of the Presidents of the United States"
"Penal Code"
"Religion Within the Reach of all"
Jose Rizal, "Noli Me Tangere" ,"El Filibusterismo"
Eugene Sue, "The Wandering Jew"
Volney ."The Ruins of Palmyra:Meditations of the Revolution of the Empires"

The "Katipunan"library book collection consist of the law books of Emilio Jacinto,medical books of Dr.Pio Valenzuela and the rest belonged to Bonifacio.

Supremo Bonifacio did not have a university diploma but he is not uneducated as his "illustrado" critics claimed he was .He was able to reach third year in a private secondary school
and he compensate his lack of university education by reading .Hence ,he was an autodidact, a self taught person.
By the way,how many university graduates have read the above innumerated books in the Supremo's library ?